Article Source: Journal of Medical Economics, Volume 27, 2024 – Issue 1

Published online 02 Jul 2024

Authors: Nimer S. Alkhatib, Eman Massad, Omar Rashdan, Wendy Max, Shiraz Halloush, Hamza Abumansour, Ala’a Alkhatib, Reema A. Karasneh, Samah Al-Shatnawi, Tariq Qirim, Feras Hawari & Said Alkhatib

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Introduction

Tobacco smoking is not just a personal health issue; it has far-reaching economic consequences that affect entire nations. In Jordan, the economic impact of tobacco smoking and secondhand smoke exposure is staggering. While health concerns are often highlighted, the financial burden borne by the economy is equally alarming. This blog delves into the costs associated with tobacco use in Jordan, revealing how it strains the nation’s resources and what can be done to mitigate these impacts.

The Scope of the Problem

Jordan has one of the highest smoking rates in the region, with a significant portion of its population being active smokers. The pervasive culture of smoking extends beyond just cigarettes, with other forms of tobacco consumption also contributing to the overall impact. But the issue isn’t confined to smokers alone; non-smokers, including children and the elderly, are frequently exposed to secondhand smoke, leading to severe health complications.

Direct Costs: Healthcare Expenditures

One of the most direct economic impacts of tobacco use in Jordan is the substantial healthcare costs. Treating smoking-related diseases such as lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory conditions consumes a large portion of the national healthcare budget. These expenditures include hospitalizations, medical treatments, medications, and ongoing care for chronic conditions. The cost to the healthcare system is exacerbated by the need for more advanced and prolonged treatments for illnesses caused by both active and passive smoking.

Indirect Costs: Lost Productivity and Mortality

The indirect costs of smoking are perhaps even more debilitating. The loss of productivity due to smoking-related illnesses, absenteeism, and premature deaths contributes significantly to the economic burden. Workers who are sick more frequently or die prematurely are less able to contribute to the economy, leading to a reduction in overall productivity. Additionally, the burden of caregiving for those suffering from smoking-related diseases often falls on family members, further reducing economic productivity.

Premature deaths not only affect the workforce but also lead to a loss of human capital. Skilled workers and professionals lost to smoking-related diseases leave gaps in the economy that are difficult to fill, especially in specialized fields. This loss has a ripple effect, impacting businesses and industries across the country.

The Burden on Families and Society

Families of smokers also bear significant costs, both financially and emotionally. The healthcare expenses for treating smoking-related diseases can be a heavy burden, especially for low-income families. Furthermore, the time spent caring for sick family members can lead to lost income and opportunities, trapping families in cycles of poverty.

Society as a whole also suffers from the broader impact of smoking. Public health campaigns, smoking cessation programs, and the enforcement of smoking bans all require resources that could otherwise be directed towards other pressing social issues. Moreover, the environmental impact of tobacco production and consumption further strains Jordan’s resources.

Addressing the Issue: A Path Forward

Reducing the economic burden of tobacco use in Jordan requires a multi-faceted approach. Strengthening public health campaigns to discourage smoking, enforcing stricter regulations on tobacco sales, and increasing taxes on tobacco products are essential steps. Additionally, improving access to smoking cessation programs and providing support for those who wish to quit can help reduce the number of smokers and, consequently, the associated costs.

Investing in public health initiatives that raise awareness about the dangers of secondhand smoke and promoting smoke-free environments in public spaces are also critical. By protecting non-smokers from the harmful effects of secondhand smoke, Jordan can reduce the overall healthcare burden and improve the quality of life for its citizens.

Conclusion

The economic impact of tobacco smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in Jordan is a pressing issue that demands urgent attention. While the health risks are well-documented, the financial costs are equally significant and cannot be ignored. By taking comprehensive action to reduce smoking rates and protect non-smokers, Jordan can alleviate the economic strain and create a healthier, more prosperous society for all.

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Article DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2024.2373002
Author name: Nimer S. Alkhatib, Eman Massad, Omar Rashdan, Wendy Max, Shiraz Halloush, Hamza Abumansour, Ala’a Alkhatib, Reema A. Karasneh, Samah Al-Shatnawi, Tariq Qirim, Feras Hawari & Said Alkhatib
Journal title: Journal of Medical Economics
Volume number: 27
Issue number: 1
Pages: 880-886
Year of publication: 2024